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这边博文就带着大家一起学习如何安装HBase，首先，我们来学习如何在单节点上安装HBase，后续会带着大家一起学习如何搭建HBase集群。

一、配置服务器主机名和IP映射

1、配置主机名

vim /etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=yes
HOSTNAME=liuyazhuang121
NTPSERVERARGS=iburst

2、配置主机名映射

vim /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.209.121 liuyazhuang121

二、安装Hadoop

1、伪分布式安装

请参考博文：《Hadoop之——Hadoop2.4.1伪分布搭建》

2、 集群安装

请参考博文《Hadoop之——CentOS + hadoop2.5.2分布式环境配置》

3、 高可用集群安装

请参考博文《Hadoop之——Hadoop2.5.2 HA高可靠性集群搭建(Hadoop+Zookeeper)前期准备》和《Hadoop之——Hadoop2.5.2 HA高可靠性集群搭建(Hadoop+Zookeeper)》

三、安装并配置Zookeeper

HBase的运行依赖于Zookeeper，所以我们先安装Zookeeper。

1、安装Zookeeper

这里我安装的Zookeeper版本是zookeeper-3.4.9.tar.gz，上传Zookeeper到服务器的/usr/local目录下，然后解压

tar -zxvf zookeeper-3.4.9.tar.gz

2、配置系统环境变量

vim /etc/profile
HADOOP_HOME=/usr/local/hadoop-2.5.2
ZOOKEEPER_HOME=/usr/local/zookeeper-3.4.9
PATH=$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin:$ZOOKEEPER_HOME/bin:$PATH
export HADOOP_HOME ZOOKEEPER_HOME PATH 

3、配置zoo.cfg

进入ZOOKEEPER_HOME/conf目录下，执行如下命令

cp zoo_sample.cfg zoo.cfg

# The number of milliseconds of each tick
tickTime=2000
# The number of ticks that the initial 
# synchronization phase can take
initLimit=10
# The number of ticks that can pass between 
# sending a request and getting an acknowledgement
syncLimit=5
# the directory where the snapshot is stored.
# do not use /tmp for storage, /tmp here is just 
# example sakes.
dataDir=/usr/local/zookeeper-3.4.9/data
dataLogDir=/usr/local/zookeeper-3.4.9/dataLog
# the port at which the clients will connect
clientPort=2182
# the maximum number of client connections.
# increase this if you need to handle more clients
#maxClientCnxns=60
#
# Be sure to read the maintenance section of the 
# administrator guide before turning on autopurge.
#
# http://zookeeper.apache.org/doc/current/zookeeperAdmin.html#sc_maintenance
#
# The number of snapshots to retain in dataDir
#autopurge.snapRetainCount=3
# Purge task interval in hours
# Set to "0" to disable auto purge feature
#autopurge.purgeInterval=1

然后再ZOOKEEPER_HOME目录下创建data、dataLog目录。

mkdir -p /usr/local/zookeeper-3.4.9/data
mkdir -p /usr/local/zookeeper-3.4.9/dataLog

4、启动Zookeeper

zkServer.sh start

四、安装并配置HBase

1、安装Hbase

这里我安装的HBase版本是hbase-0.96.2-hadoop2-bin.tar.gz，将其上传到服务器的/usr/local目录下，然后输入如下命令解压

tar-zxvf hbase-0.96.2-hadoop2-bin.tar.gz

2、配置系统环境变量

vim /etc/profile
HADOOP_HOME=/usr/local/hadoop-2.5.2
ZOOKEEPER_HOME=/usr/local/zookeeper-3.4.9
HBASE_HOME=/usr/local/hbase-0.96.2-hadoop2
PATH=$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin:$ZOOKEEPER_HOME/bin:$HBASE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export HADOOP_HOME ZOOKEEPER_HOME PATH HBASE_HOME 

3、拷贝Hadoop的hdfs-site.xml和core-site.xml文件

cp /usr/local/hadoop-2.5.2/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml /usr/local/hbase-0.96.2-hadoop2/conf/
cp /usr/local/hadoop-2.5.2/etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml /usr/local/hbase-0.96.2-hadoop2/conf/

4、修改hbase-env.sh

4.1 修改JAVE_HOME

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/src/jdk1.7.0_80

修改HBASE_MANAGES_ZK为false来告诉HBase使用外部的Zookeeper

export HBASE_MANAGES_ZK=false

5、修改hbase-site.xml

修改后的文件如下：

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<!--
/**
 *
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
-->
<configuration>
	<property>
			<name>hbase.rootdir</name>
			<value>hdfs://liuyazhuang121:9000/hbase</value>
	</property>
	<property>
			<name>hbase.cluster.distributed</name>
			<value>false</value>
	</property>
	<property>
			<name>hbase.zookeeper.quorum</name>
			<value>liuyazhuang121:2182</value>
	</property>
</configuration>

6、修改regionservers

修改regionservers文件，将localhost修改成liuyazhuang121如下：

liuyazhuang121

7、启动HBase

start-hbase.sh

8、查看本机启动的Java进程

[root@liuyazhuang121 conf]# jps
6008 QuorumPeerMain
2445 NameNode
2539 DataNode
7289 Jps
6153 HMaster
2723 SecondaryNameNode
2993 NodeManager
2893 ResourceManager
[root@liuyazhuang121 conf]# 

9、查看HBase管理页面

在浏览器中输入http://192.168.209.121:60010查看HBase管理页面如下：

至此，单机版HBase安装配置成功